In the context of globalization, the economy of each country is open. The openness of the economy is its ability to self-preservation and development in cooperation with the economies of other countries. Openness of the national economy to the outside world has positive effects - growth of production beyond domestic needs, increase in foreign exchange earnings, increase in the level of competition between domestic producers and foreigners, strengthening of trust between countries and the like.

At the same time, openness of the national economy is fraught with threats associated with the fact that in the period of the falling demand in the world for this or that product, there is a reduction in national exports. In addition, significant risks arise in connection with reduction of foreign exchange reserves and growth of external (state and corporate) debt, undermining price and exchange rate stability. This is especially true of small open economies, including the Ukraine.

In Ukraine a model of public administration has not been developed in the conditions of transformation of the administrative-command system into a market one. In fact, Ukraine has not formed a socially-oriented market economic system, but a clan-oligarchic one. The "Elite" became split according to the basic values ​​and ways of solving of the main social and economic problems. Concentration of capital among individual oligarchs and, accordingly, the high level of monopolization and shadowing of the economy significantly deformed the structure towards low-tech and energy-intensive industries, thus limiting economic growth and economic development.

The Ukrainian economy is highly sensitive to the changing nature of the development of the world economy. This is due to the fact that a limited number of industries (grain, ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry) dominate in the structure of exports, the demand for products of which is highly elastic to the changes in the situation on world markets. The main growth mechanisms continue to be concentrated among industries whose competitiveness mainly depends on the use of extensive factors of production and requires a relatively low level of innovative activity, based on the export of primary commodities and low production processes.

The implementation of the strategy of "catching up" economic development of Ukraine should be aimed at the formation of modern high-tech industries capable of producing high-tech products with high added value and ensuring a change in the structure of exports in favor of high-tech competitive products.

The government bodies of Ukraine should develop effective mechanisms and instruments that ensure the transition from deindustrialization to neoindustrialization in the shortest possible time. The main trend of neoindustrialization is the priority development of high technologies, a qualitative upgrade of the technical and technological base of material production. Active industrial policy of the state should become a key instrument for the realization of the strategy of neoindustrialization of the Ukrainian economy.